Bruges, with its quaint canals and beautifully preserved medieval architecture, is often referred to as one of the most picturesque cities in Europe. Every corner of this city seems to tell a story, making it feel like a place frozen in time. It draws nearly 3 million visitors each year, and it’s easy to see why. Whether you’re wandering through its narrow cobblestone streets or admiring its fairytale-like charm, Bruges offers a unique blend of history, beauty, and culture that captivates every traveler. If you are fortunate enough to be among those visitors, prepare to be enchanted by everything Bruges has to offer.
Founded in the 11th century, Bruges quickly became one of Europe’s most prominent cities. Thanks to its intricate network of canals and river connections, it evolved into a significant commercial hub that thrived up until the 15th century. During this time, it was one of the wealthiest cities on the continent, a status that left behind the rich architectural and cultural legacy that the city still boasts today.
However, Bruges was not immune to the ups and downs of history. After the 15th century, the city entered a period of decline, with its economy faltering and its population dwindling. This led to the city being neglected for several centuries, resulting in urban decay. Yet, this period of abandonment turned out to be a blessing in disguise. Unlike other European cities that modernized rapidly, Bruges remained largely untouched by industrialization, which means that today, its medieval character has been preserved almost in its entirety.
In the early 20th century, a wave of restoration efforts brought the city back to life, transforming it into Belgium’s premier tourist destination. Thanks to its careful preservation, Bruges now stands as one of Europe’s best-preserved medieval cities. Its historic center has even been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Walking through its narrow streets and along its scenic canals, you can’t help but feel as if you’ve stepped back in time.
The Best Things to See in Bruges
Almost all of Bruges’ top attractions are concentrated in its historic center, which is small enough to explore leisurely within a day or two. Despite its compact size, this area is packed with stunning architecture, charming streets, and beautiful canals that showcase the city’s storied past. Here, we’ll take you through some of the must-see sights that will make your visit to Bruges truly unforgettable.
From its medieval squares and imposing bell towers to its scenic canals and famous museums, Bruges has an incredible amount to offer. One of the first things you’ll notice is how well-preserved the medieval architecture is, with many of the buildings looking almost exactly as they did centuries ago. It’s like stepping into a different world—a world of cobblestone streets, narrow alleyways, and ancient churches that stand as proud reminders of Bruges’ illustrious history. Below, we’ll take a closer look at the specific highlights that you won’t want to miss during your time in this magical city.
1. The Main Square (Grote Markt)
At the heart of Bruges lies the Main Square, or Grote Markt, which serves as the city’s vibrant focal point. Surrounded by beautifully preserved medieval buildings, this square is a testament to the city’s rich history and architectural grandeur. The Main Square is bustling with energy, as locals and tourists alike gather to enjoy the lively atmosphere. Whether you’re stopping for a coffee at one of the many cafés that line the square or simply people-watching, this is a spot you can’t miss.
The most prominent feature of the Grote Markt is the Belfry, a towering structure that dominates the skyline of the square. This bell tower is one of Bruges’ most iconic landmarks and serves as a reminder of the city’s importance during the Middle Ages. But the square offers more than just historical significance—it’s also a hub of activity, with various street performers, market stalls, and events taking place throughout the year.
While the square is beautiful and offers plenty of cafés and restaurants, it’s important to note that dining in this area can be quite expensive. Since it’s a prime tourist spot, the prices tend to be higher than in other parts of the city. However, it’s still worth grabbing a drink or coffee here just to soak in the atmosphere and admire the surroundings. If you’re looking for a more affordable meal, you might want to venture further from the square, where you can find excellent restaurants offering traditional Belgian dishes at more reasonable prices.
2. The Belfry Tower (Belfort) and the Halle
The Belfry of Bruges is arguably the city’s most iconic building, standing at an impressive 83 meters tall. This medieval bell tower, located in the Main Square, is an essential part of Bruges’ skyline and a symbol of the city’s historical wealth and power. It’s one of the most popular attractions in Bruges and for good reason. If you’re up for a bit of exercise, you can climb the 366 steps to the top of the tower, where you’ll be rewarded with stunning panoramic views of the entire city. The journey up might be a bit challenging, especially for those who aren’t fond of heights or narrow spaces, but the view from the top is well worth the effort.
The Belfry is part of the Halle, a historic building that once served as the city’s main market hall. Built in the 13th century, the Halle was a center of commerce in Bruges, where merchants gathered to trade goods. Today, it’s a fascinating piece of Bruges’ history that provides a glimpse into the city’s prosperous past. Visitors can explore the courtyard and admire the intricate architecture before heading inside to climb the tower.
While the entrance fee to the Belfry may seem steep to some (currently around 8 euros), the experience of climbing the tower and taking in the breathtaking views of Bruges is truly unforgettable. It’s a small price to pay for the chance to see the city from such a unique vantage point. However, if you’re traveling on a tight budget, there are plenty of other attractions in Bruges that offer fantastic experiences at little to no cost.
3. Burg Square
Just a short walk from the Main Square, you’ll find another one of Bruges’ most beautiful and historically significant squares: Burg Square. This square is smaller and less crowded than the Grote Markt, but it’s equally charming and packed with stunning architecture. Burg Square is home to some of Bruges’ most important buildings, including the Town Hall (Stadhuis), the Basilica of the Holy Blood, and the Franconian Monastery. It’s a quieter and more intimate space than the bustling Main Square, making it a perfect spot to soak in the history and beauty of Bruges at a more relaxed pace.
What makes Burg Square particularly special is its diversity of architectural styles. The Town Hall, with its ornate Gothic façade, stands in stark contrast to the more modest and serene Romanesque style of the Basilica of the Holy Blood. This mix of styles reflects the city’s long and varied history, and walking through the square feels like stepping through different periods of time.
While Burg Square may not have the same lively atmosphere as the Main Square, it’s a must-see for history buffs and architecture enthusiasts. It’s also a great place to snap some photos of Bruges’ beautiful buildings without having to navigate through large crowds of tourists.
4. The Town Hall (Stadhuis)
Bruges’ Town Hall, located in Burg Square, is one of the oldest and most beautiful in Belgium. Constructed between 1376 and 1420, this Gothic masterpiece is a testament to the city’s former wealth and power. The Town Hall’s exterior is adorned with intricate carvings and statues that depict various figures from Bruges’ history, making it a visual feast for architecture lovers.
The interior of the Town Hall is just as impressive as its exterior. One of the highlights is the Gothic Hall, a grand room with stunning murals and vaulted ceilings. The murals, which date back to 1402, depict scenes from Bruges’ history, while the intricately designed ceiling adds to the room’s majestic atmosphere. Exploring the Town Hall allows visitors to delve deeper into the history of Bruges while admiring its architectural splendor.
For families visiting Bruges, the Town Hall offers a unique opportunity to introduce children to history and art in a way that’s both engaging and visually captivating. The grand architecture and detailed carvings are sure to capture their imagination, making this an educational yet enjoyable stop on your Bruges itinerary.
5. The Basilica of the Holy Blood (Heilig-Bloedbasiliek)
Also located in Burg Square is the Basilica of the Holy Blood, one of Bruges’ most important religious sites. This small Romanesque church may not be as grand as some of the city’s larger churches, but it holds a special place in the hearts of the people of Bruges. The basilica is famous for housing a vial said to contain a few drops of Christ’s blood, brought to Bruges by Dietrich of Alsace during the Second Crusade in the 12th century.
Every year in May, the vial is paraded through the streets of Bruges during the Procession of the Holy Blood, a significant event that draws pilgrims and visitors from around the world. For those who can’t attend the procession, the vial is displayed to the public every Friday, offering a unique opportunity to witness this sacred relic up close.
The Basilica of the Holy Blood is a peaceful and spiritual place, offering a quiet moment of reflection amidst the bustling streets of Bruges. Whether you’re religious or not, the history and significance of the basilica make it a fascinating place to visit. The church’s architecture, with its blend of Romanesque and Gothic elements, is also a beautiful example of Bruges’ rich architectural heritage.
6. The Canals and the Rozenhoedkaai
No visit to Bruges is complete without taking in its famous canals. Often referred to as the “Venice of the North,” Bruges is crisscrossed by a network of picturesque canals that add to the city’s fairytale charm. One of the best ways to experience Bruges’ canals is by taking a boat tour, which offers a unique perspective of the city’s beauty. As you glide along the water, you’ll be treated to stunning views of medieval buildings, charming bridges, and lush greenery. These boat tours are one of the most popular activities for visitors, and they offer an intimate look at the hidden corners of the city that are often missed when exploring on foot.
One of the most famous and picturesque spots along the canals is the Rozenhoedkaai, where the Gorenerei and Dijver canals meet. This spot offers one of the best views in the city, with the reflections of the medieval buildings shimmering in the water below. It’s no wonder that the Rozenhoedkaai is one of the most photographed locations in Bruges—it’s the kind of place that feels like it’s been plucked straight out of a storybook.
A boat tour of the canals is not only a relaxing way to see the city but also an educational experience. Many tours are guided, providing historical context and interesting anecdotes about the buildings and bridges you’ll pass along the way. The tours are reasonably priced, usually around 8 euros, and last about 30 minutes, making them a great activity for families, couples, or solo travelers.
7. The Church of Our Lady (Onze Lieve Vrouwekerk)
The Church of Our Lady is another must-visit landmark in Bruges. This stunning church is famous for its towering spire, which rises 112 meters into the sky, making it the tallest structure in Bruges and one of the tallest in Belgium. The church’s impressive height is matched by the beauty of its interior, which houses a priceless piece of art: Michelangelo’s sculpture of the Virgin and Child. This marble masterpiece is one of the few works by Michelangelo to leave Italy during his lifetime, making it a truly special sight to see in Bruges.
The church itself dates back to the 13th century and is a prime example of Gothic architecture. Its soaring ceilings, intricate stained glass windows, and peaceful atmosphere make it a wonderful place to pause and reflect. Whether you’re an art lover, a history enthusiast, or simply looking for a quiet moment of contemplation, the Church of Our Lady is a highlight of any visit to Bruges.
For those traveling with children, the church offers an opportunity to introduce them to art and history in a way that’s visually engaging. The towering spire and beautiful interior are sure to capture their attention, and the story of Michelangelo’s sculpture provides a fascinating glimpse into the world of Renaissance art.
8. The Cathedral of St. Saviour
The Cathedral of St. Saviour is another important religious site in Bruges and the city’s oldest church. Originally built in the 10th century, the cathedral has undergone several renovations and expansions over the centuries, resulting in a unique blend of architectural styles. The cathedral’s 99-meter tower, which resembles the fortifications of a medieval castle, is a prominent feature of the Bruges skyline and a testament to the city’s long and storied history.
Inside the cathedral, you’ll find a wealth of art and religious artifacts, including intricate tapestries, beautiful stained glass windows, and an impressive organ. The cathedral’s interior is grand yet peaceful, providing a quiet space for reflection and admiration of the craftsmanship that went into its construction.
For those interested in history and architecture, a visit to the Cathedral of St. Saviour is a must. The cathedral’s blend of styles and its rich collection of art make it a fascinating place to explore, and its towering presence serves as a reminder of Bruges’ enduring religious and cultural significance.
9. Other Churches in Bruges
In addition to the Church of Our Lady and the Cathedral of St. Saviour, Bruges is home to several other churches that are worth a visit. Each of these churches has its own unique history and architectural style, adding to the city’s rich tapestry of religious and cultural landmarks.
The Church of Jerusalem is one of the most unique churches in Bruges, with its design inspired by the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. This church was built in the 15th century by the Adornes family, who had strong ties to the Holy Land. The church’s dark interior and unusual design make it stand out from the more traditional Gothic churches in the city.
The Church of St. Walburge is another beautiful example of Baroque architecture, with its grand façade and ornate interior. This church is slightly off the beaten path, making it a quieter and more peaceful place to visit compared to some of the city’s more famous landmarks.
The Church of St. Anne is a hidden gem in Bruges, with its simple exterior giving way to a beautifully decorated interior. This small church is located in a residential area, making it a great place to visit if you’re looking to escape the crowds and explore a quieter side of Bruges.
10. The Groeninge Museum
Art lovers will want to make time for a visit to the Groeninge Museum, which houses an impressive collection of Flemish and Belgian art. The museum’s collection spans several centuries, with works ranging from the early Flemish masters to modern art. Some of the most famous artists represented in the museum include Jan van Eyck, Hugo van der Goes, and Gerard David.
The Groeninge Museum is a must-visit for anyone interested in art, as it provides a comprehensive overview of Flemish art and its development over the centuries. The museum’s collection is beautifully curated, with each room offering insight into the different artistic styles and movements that have shaped the region’s cultural history.
For families, the museum offers an opportunity to introduce children to art in a way that’s accessible and engaging. The detailed paintings and vibrant colors are sure to capture their attention, and the museum’s relatively small size makes it easy to explore without overwhelming younger visitors.
11. St. John’s Hospital (Sint-Jansspitaal) and the Memling Museum
Dating back to the 12th century, St. John’s Hospital is one of the oldest buildings in Bruges and one of the oldest hospital buildings in Europe. This historic site has been beautifully preserved and now houses the Memling Museum, which showcases a collection of artwork and medical instruments from the hospital’s history.
The Memling Museum is named after Hans Memling, a famous Flemish painter whose works are displayed in the museum. The museum offers a fascinating glimpse into the history of medicine and healthcare in medieval Bruges, as well as the art and culture of the time.
For those interested in history, art, or medicine, a visit to St. John’s Hospital and the Memling Museum is a must. The museum’s unique combination of medical history and art makes it one of the most interesting attractions in Bruges.
12. The Beguinage of Bruges (Begijnhof)
The Beguinage of Bruges, or Begijnhof, is a peaceful and serene enclave that offers a glimpse into the lives of the women who lived there centuries ago. Founded in 1245, the Beguinage was home to a community of single women, mostly widows and nuns, who lived independently from men. These women were known as Beguines, and they created self-sufficient communities where they could live and work without male oversight.
The Beguinage in Bruges is part of a network of 13 Flemish beguinages that have been recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The whitewashed houses and quiet gardens of the Beguinage provide a stark contrast to the bustling streets of Bruges, making it a peaceful retreat for visitors.
Walking through the Beguinage feels like stepping back in time, and it’s a fascinating place to explore for anyone interested in history or women’s studies. The quiet, contemplative atmosphere of the Beguinage makes it a perfect place to reflect on the history of the women who lived there and their contributions to society.
Other Things to See in Bruges
In addition to the major landmarks and attractions mentioned above, there are plenty of other things to see and do in Bruges that are worth exploring. The city is full of hidden gems and lesser-known attractions that add to its charm and appeal.
For chocolate lovers, the Chocolate Museum is a must-visit. This museum explores the history of chocolate and its production, with plenty of opportunities to sample some delicious Belgian chocolate along the way.
Beer enthusiasts will want to stop by the De Halve Maan Brewery, where you can learn about the brewing process and sample some of Bruges’ finest beers. The brewery also offers tours that provide insight into the history of brewing in the city.
Other interesting attractions include the Diamond Museum, which explores Bruges’ history as a center of the diamond trade, and the French Fry Museum, a quirky museum dedicated to the history of Belgium’s favorite snack.
Bruges is also home to several windmills, which are located just outside the city center. These windmills are a reminder of the city’s agricultural past and offer a beautiful contrast to the medieval architecture of the city.
Finally, don’t miss the medieval entrance gates to the city, which are still standing and offer a glimpse into Bruges’ fortified past. These gates are located at various points around the city and are a fascinating piece of Bruges’ history.
Conclusion: Bruges is a Fairytale Waiting to Be Explored
Bruges is a city that feels like it was plucked straight from the pages of a fairytale. With its winding canals, cobblestone streets, and beautifully preserved medieval architecture, it’s a place that captures the imagination and transports visitors to another time. Whether you’re exploring the city’s famous squares, admiring its historic churches, or taking a boat tour along its canals, Bruges offers a wealth of experiences that will leave you enchanted.
For history buffs, art lovers, and those simply looking to escape the hustle and bustle of modern life, Bruges is the perfect destination. Its rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning beauty make it a city that deserves to be explored and cherished. So, pack your bags, prepare to be dazzled, and get ready to discover the magic of Bruges.
